int(2) string(32) "Undefined array key "start_form"" string(70) "/home1/ijahitij/public_html/application/controllers/UpArticalFront.php" int(35) int(2) string(28) "Undefined array key "search"" string(70) "/home1/ijahitij/public_html/application/controllers/UpArticalFront.php" int(36) int(2) string(26) "Undefined array key "type"" string(70) "/home1/ijahitij/public_html/application/controllers/UpArticalFront.php" int(37) {"issue_total":[{"id":"315","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.05724","title":"Clinico-pathological study and surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia with perineal hernia in a dog","description":"

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The present study describes the clinico-pathological findings of benign prostatic hyperplasia along with perineal hernia in a six-year-old intact male Spitz dog. The dog was presented to the Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, LUVAS, Hisar, with a history of swelling in the perineal region along with cessation of urination. The clinical examination revealed that swelling was fluctuating in nature, and it was diagnosed as a perineal hernia of the right side. Ultrasonographic examination showed the presence of urinary bladder and prostatic mass in the herniated swelling. Under general anaesthesia, perineal hernia was corrected surgically by herniorrhaphy. The prostate was greatly enlarged and was suspected as a tumor mass; hence, it was excised and processed for histopathology after fixation in 10% neutral buffered formalin. After prostate was excised, vesicourethral anastomosis was performed. Histopathological examination of excised mass of prostate gland revealed benign prostatic hyperplasia. It was characterized by hyperplasia of glandular epithelium with occasional presence of papillary folding. <\/strong>Based on clinical examination, ultrasonography and histopathological findings, the case was diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia along with perineal hernia.<\/strong> Post-operative care was advised as usual. No post-operative complications were reported till two months after surgery.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Dog, Perineal hernia, Prostatectomy","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Das MR, Patra RC, Das RK, Rath PK and Mishra BP, 2017. Hemato-biochemical alterations and urinalysis in dogs suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Vet World, 10(3): 331-335, doi: 10.14202\/vetworld.2017.331-335<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kim H, 2022. Finasteride therapy in a dog with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Anim Reprod Biotechnol, 37: 209-212, doi: 10.12750\/JARB.37.3.209<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Palmieri C, Fonseca-Alves CE and Laufer-Amorim R, 2022. A review on canine and feline prostate pathology. <\/em>Front Vet Sci, 9: 881232, doi: 10.3389\/fvets.2022.881232<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The exploration of bioactive peptides derived from non-bovine milk has garnered considerable interest due to their potential health-promoting properties and functional applications. This review provides an overview of production, characterization, and biofunctionalities of bioactive peptides obtained from various non-bovine milk sources, including but not limited to goat, sheep, buffalo, and camel milk. The production methods involve enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation of milk proteins using proteolytic enzymes as trypsin, pepsin, and chymosin, among others or by using different cultures. Subsequently, various separation and purification techniques are employed to isolate the bioactive peptides, including ultrafiltration, chromatography and membrane separation. The structures of the bioactive peptides are identified and clarified through the use of characterization techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. These peptides exhibit diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory and opioid-like properties, among others. Furthermore, the bioactive peptides derived from non-bovine milk have demonstrated potential health benefits, such as reducing blood pressure, enhancing immune function, promoting gut health and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, they find applications in functional foods, nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical formulations aimed at improving human health and wellbeing.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Bioactive peptides, Biofunctionalities, Fermentation, Lactic acid bacteria, Non-bovine milk ","article_type":"1","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dermatophytosis is one of the most common skin diseases in dogs caused by keratinophilic fungi of the family Arthrodermataceae. Dermatophytes of veterinary importance belong to genus Microsporum<\/em>, Trichophyton<\/em> and Epidermophyton<\/em>. Lesser treatment options and frequent use of non-prescription antifungal drugs resulted in development of resistance to the commonly used drugs. The research was conducted to study the epidemiology of cases of localized canine dermatophytosis and to assess the antifungal sensitivity pattern of the isolated organisms. Animals tentatively diagnosed with dermatophytosis based on the presence of endothrix or ectothrix on trichogram were selected for the study. Occurrence rate of dermatophytosis was 17.66% during the study period. The dermatophytes isolated in the current study were Microsporum canis<\/em>, Trichophyton mentagrophytes <\/em>and Microsporum gypseum.<\/em> The sensitivity pattern of the dermatophytes varied depending on the species isolated. Majority of the M. canis<\/em> isolates were mainly sensitive to nystatin, M. gypseum<\/em> to amphotericin B and T. mentagrophytes<\/em> to itraconazole, whereas resistance was shown by all three isolates against fluconazole. Statistically significant difference was noticed in the culture results obtained on two different fungal specific medias viz<\/em>, dermatophyte test medium and sabouraud dextrose agar.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Canine, Dermatophytosis, Microsporum, Trichophyton","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Silver H, 2011. Dermatophytosis in cats and dogs. The Vet Nurse, 2(6): 310-316, doi: 10.12968\/VETN.2011.2.6.310<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

A pluriparous full-term pregnant Murrah buffalo was intermittently straining for last twelve hours but failed to deliver the foetus. Per-vaginal examination revealed six limbs along with one attachment at the level of cranial to pelvic indicating the monstrosity of the foetus. By fetotomy, monocephalic thoraco-omphalopagus tetra brachius tetrapus dicaudatus monster was delivered successfully.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Buffalo, Dystocia, Fetotomy, Monocephalic, Monster","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Kumar S, Pandey AK, Kushwaha RB, Sharma U and Dwivedi DK, 2014. Dystocia due to conjoined twin monster in a cow. Indian J Anim Reprod, 35(1): 54-56<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Sachan V, Kumar B, Sonkar V and Saxena A, 2016. Monocephalic thoracopagus tetrabrachius tetrapus monster in Murrah buffalo- A case report. Buff Bull, 35(1): 23-26<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Singh G, Pal R, Dutt R and Chandolia RK, 2020. Monstrosities as a cause of dystocia- A study of 13 cases. Vet Pract, 21(1): 103-106<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Singh G, Pandey AK, Agnihotri D, Chander S, Chandolia RK et al<\/em>., 2013. Survival and fertility rate in buffaloes following caesarean section and mutation with\/without partial fetotomy. Indian J Anim Sci, 83: 251-253<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Vermunt J, 2019. Fetotomy. In Noakes DE, Parkinson TJ and England GCW (eds.) Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics. Saunders Elsevier, Oxford, Saunders Co. Ltd, London, United Kingdom, pp 278-302<\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"singh.avaneesh2005@gmail.com","received_date":"2024-05-30","accepted_date":"2024-08-25","published_date":"2024-10-03","citation":"Singh AK, Kumar M, Sachan V, Agrawal JK and Saxena A, 2024. Delivery of monocephalic thoraco-omphalopagus monster through fetotomy in Murrah buffalo. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2024.07824","pageNumber":"","number_view":"24","snippet":"078-24-SC.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2024.07824-329","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"331","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.05224","title":"Arterial blood gas analysis in cardiac emergencies of dogs","description":"

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

This attempt was made to study the prevalence of cardiac emergencies in canines and to analyze the changes in arterial blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites occurring as a result of these cardiac emergency conditions. Dogs presented to emergency and critical care unit were subjected for triage to identify the life-threatening cardiac emergency conditions. Diagnostic approaches included anamnesis, physical examination, ECG, and echocardiography followed by radiography and arterial blood gas, electrolyte and biochemistry analysis. Canine cardiac emergencies were 16 percent of the total emergency cases presented. Among them Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) was common (46%), followed by arrhythmias (38%) and congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction (8% each). Respiratory alkalosis (75%) was the most common acid-base imbalance noted, followed by metabolic acidosis at (17%) and lastly mixed acidosis-alkalosis at (8%). Significant decrease in pCO2, bicarbonate and base excess were recorded. The observed electrolyte abnormalities were hypocalcemia (92%), hyponatremia (85%), hypokalemia (54%) and hypochloremia (46%). Metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycemia, hyperlactatemia and azotemia (elevated BUN and creatinine) were also present in these cases.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Arterial blood gas, Cardiac diseases, Critical care, DCM, pCO2","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

An adult 3-year-old male non-descriptive dog, weighing 35<\/strong>.8 kg was presented at the Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jalukie, Nagaland, with a history of weight loss and decreased appetite<\/strong>. The detailed clinical examination revealed tick infestation, elevated body temperature, swollen mandibular and popliteal nodes, ocular discharge and excessive salivation with a slightly pale mucous membrane<\/strong>. The dog was having the history of regular vaccination and deworming<\/strong>. Haematological findings indicated a slight reduction in the count of red blood cells with lymphocytosis<\/strong>. Microscopically, a blood smear examination revealed the presence of Hepatozoon<\/em> gamonts in neutrophils<\/strong>. The dog was treated with a combination of imidocarb dipropionate and oral doxycycline, along with other supportive supplements and fluid therapy<\/strong>. From this study, it can be concluded that combination therapy including imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline along with supportive treatment like fluids, haematinic and liver tonics may be considered effective in relieving the clinical symptoms and clearing the blood of H<\/em><\/strong>. canis <\/em>gametocytes<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Doxycycline, Gamonts, Hepatozoon, Imidocarb dipropionate","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The regular outbreak of Newcastle disease (ND), irrespective of vaccination of Aseel chickens, results in huge economic loss to the farming community. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of W<\/em>. somnifera<\/em> <\/strong>(Ashwagandha)<\/strong> root powder against ND and its effects on growth rate and oxidative status in Aseel chickens. <\/strong>One hundred chicks were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, Control (T1), ND Vaccinated (T2), and ND Vaccinated + W<\/em>. somnifera<\/em> @ 0.25 % (T3), + <\/strong>W<\/em><\/strong>. somnifera - <\/em>0.5 % <\/strong>(T4) and + <\/strong>W<\/em><\/strong>. somnifera <\/em>- 1 % <\/strong>(T5) of ten birds each with <\/strong>one replicate respectively for four months<\/strong>. <\/strong>ND pellet vaccine was administered orally on 15th and 90th day. The <\/strong>hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test on different intervals, cell mediated immunity assessment through delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity test, <\/strong>leucogram analysis and, lymphoid organ weights were measured. T<\/strong>he antioxidant activity was calculated using superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes estimation and production performance was also measured. The HI titers of <\/strong>T4 were<\/strong> 4.50±0.30, 3.50±0.30 and 5.17±0.42 on 45th, 90th and 112th day, respectively, which was<\/strong> significantly (P>0.05) higher <\/strong>on day 112 and higher mean skin thickness (<\/strong>P>0.05) <\/strong>and lymphoid organ weight also recorded. The additive effects like superior antioxidant activity and better production performance were also found in <\/strong>T4<\/strong> group. Hence, it was concluded that W<\/em>. somnifera <\/em>@ 0.50% could improve the disease resistance power of Aseel chicken against ND and the supplementation yields profit through better feed conversion ratio.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Aseel Chicken, Immunity, Newcastle disease, Production performance, W. somnifera","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Research on treatments and cures for Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) has significantly grown in India, where the condition is growing increasingly. The main focus of drug repurposing research is on conventional treatments. The disease is characterised by the skin’s eruption of nodules covering the entire body of the affected animal. The lesions are seen in the upper respiratory tract and mouth. Anorexia, pneumonia, pyrexia and dysgalactia are among the systemic effects. The disease causes loss to the farmer due to declined milk production, abortions, infertility, permanent damage to the hides, and occasional death. <\/strong>However, most of the antiviral drugs are synthetic small molecules, and antiviral plant-derived medicines are yet to be discovered for LSD. T<\/strong>he treatment of LSD with ethnoveterinary medicinal formulations has been suggested by the <\/strong>National Dairy Development Board (NDDB)<\/strong>. It included plants <\/strong>with various bioactive compounds having antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, and antiviral properties. These <\/strong>ethnoveterinary medicinal formulations <\/strong>are proven superior when used singly or in combination with existing drugs to enhance the effectiveness of antivirals and increase their bioavailability. T<\/strong>he use of medicinal plants and their phytochemicals would relieve the suffering in animals. It can also be the right path for the creation of new affordable drugs through scientific studies.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Cattle, LSD, Medicinal plants, Phytochemicals","article_type":"1","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

This study examines the producer’s share in the consumer rupee (PSCR) among Rajbanshi dairy farmers in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal, focusing on the influence of socio-economic variables<\/strong>. Data were collected from 200 dairy farmers to determine the relationship between PSCR and factors such as age, educational status, milk production, extension contact and mass media exposure<\/strong>. The results indicate that the average selling price of milk by producers is ? 37<\/strong>.45, while the consumer price is ? 40<\/strong>.88, leading to a PSCR of 91<\/strong>.61%<\/strong>. Correlation analysis reveals significant associations between PSCR and key variables<\/strong>. Negative correlations were observed with market type, milk production and crossbreed ownership, while positive correlations were found with age and mass media exposure<\/strong>. The study suggests that socio-economic conditions and farm characteristics significantly influence PSCR, with more experienced farmers and those with better media access tending to secure a higher share<\/strong>. Additionally, the type of market and milk production levels play a crucial role in determining the share received by producers<\/strong>. The findings underscore the importance of improving market linkages, enhancing farmers' awareness and strengthening extension services to boost the earnings of smallholder dairy farmers<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Dairy Farming, Marketing, Price, Producer\u2019s share in consumer rupee (PSCR), Rajbanshi","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Krueger E, Rao PSC and Borchardt D, 2019. Quantifying urban water supply security under global change. Global Environ Change, 56: 66-74, doi: 10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2019.03.009<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kumar KNR and Babu SC, 2021. Value chain management under COVID-19: responses and lessons from grape production in India. J Soc Econ Dev, 23(Suppl 3): 468-490, doi: 10.1007\/s40847-020-00138-6<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Opitz I, Zoll F, Zasada I, Doernberg A, Siebert R et al<\/em>., 2019. Consumer-producer interactions in community-supported agriculture and their relevance for economic stability of the farm- An empirical study using an Analytic Hierarchy Process. J Rural Stud, 68: 22-32, doi: 10.1016\/j.jrurstud.2019.03.011<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Poulton C, Dorward A and Kydd J, 2010. The future of small farms: new directions for services, institutions, and intermediation. World Dev, 38(10): 1413-1428, doi: 10.1016\/j.worlddev.2009.06.009<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Scholten BA, 2007. Consumer Risk Reflections on Organic and Local Food in Seattle, with Reference to Newcastle Upon Tyne (Doctoral Dissertation, Durham University)<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Staal SJ, Baltenweck I, Njoroge L, Patil BR, Ibrahim MN et al<\/em>., 2006. Smallholder Dairy Farmer Access to Alternative Milk Market Channels in Gujarat. In IAAE Conference, Brisbane, Australia<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Vandeplas A, Minten B and Swinnen J, 2013. Multinationals vs. cooperatives: The income and efficiency effects of supply chain governance in India. J Agric Econ, 64(1): 217-244, doi: 10.1111\/1477-9552.12004<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Vidhyashree H, Santhosha K, Patil GI, Yadava CG, Gagana M et al<\/em>., 2024. Marketing efficiency in cut roses: A comparative study of organised vis-a-vis unorganised markets. Arch Curr Res Int, 24(5): 383-390, doi: 10.9734\/acri\/2024\/v24i5713<\/a><\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"bikram.agriext@outlook.com","received_date":"2024-09-07","accepted_date":"2024-11-10","published_date":"2024-12-06","citation":"Barman B, Mohammad A, Munshi SA, Kisku U and Girish CE, 2024. Assessing the producer\u2019s share in the consumer rupee: An analytical study of Rajbanshi dairy farmers. Indian J Anim Health, DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2024.11424","pageNumber":"","number_view":"32","snippet":"114-24-Res.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2024.11424-347","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"348","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.01424","title":"Importance of major genes to compensate for the harmful summer climatic effects in fowl","description":"

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

When environmental temperature is more than 27°C, the fowl upsurges panting and decreases metabolic rate to ease body’s heat increment. There are many measures that can be applied to improve the opposing effects of tropical climatic stress. There are many options like nutritional adjustment, day-to-day poultry management, or feed additives, and probiotics are regularly used to alleviate the lethal effects of climatic stress in poultry. There are several major genes, viz. naked neck (Na), frizzle (F), slow feathering (K), and dwarf (dw), that could be implemented as a considerable elucidation to progress productive and reproductive outcomes for fowls grown in tropical climatic conditions. The birds carrying naked necks (Na) and frizzle (F) genes increase fame due to their decorative appearance and enhanced productive and reproductive activity in hot weather. The dwarf (dw) breeders dam line has better survivability, adaptability, disease resistance and hatchability in summer climates compared to normal fowls. The sex-linked slow feathering introgression in fowl is used for wing sexing in some layer breeds. The practical application of major genes as a breeding strategy has been discussed for countries that have tropical climates or challenging hot summers.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Dwarf gene, Frizzle gene, Major genes, Naked neck gene, Slow feathering gene","article_type":"1","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Chen ZY, Gan JK, Xiao X, Jiang LY and Zhang XQ, 2013. The association of SNPs in Hsp90β<\/em> gene 5′ flanking region with thermo tolerance traits and tissue mRNA expression in two chicken breeds. Mol Biol Rep, 40: 5295-5306, doi: 10.1007\/s11033-013-2630-3<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Desta TT, 2021. The genetic basis and robustness of naked neck mutation in chicken. Trop Anim Health Prod, 53: 95, doi: 10.1007\/s11250-020-02505-1<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dong J, He C, Wang Z, Li Y and Li S, 2018. A novel deletion in KRT75L4<\/em> mediates the frizzle trait in a Chinese indigenous chicken. Genet Sel Evol, 50: 68, doi: 10.1186\/s12711-018-0441-7<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Fathi MM, Galal A, El-Safty S and Mahrous M, 2013. Naked neck and frizzle genes for improving chickens raised under high ambient temperature: I. Growth performance and egg production. Worlds Poult Sci J, 69(4): 813-832, doi: 10.1017\/S0043933913000834<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Fathi MM, Galal A, El-Safty S and Mahrous M, 2014. Naked neck and frizzle genes for improving chickens raised under high ambient temperature: II. Blood parameters and immunity. Worlds Poult Sci J, 70: 165-172, doi: 10.1017\/S0043933914000142<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Fathi MM, Galal A, Radwan LM, Abou-Emera OK and Al-Homidan IH 2022. Using major genes to mitigate the deleterious effects of heat stress in poultry: An updated review. Poult Sci, 101(11): 102157, doi: 10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102157<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Fernandes E, Raymundo A, Martins LL, Lordelo M and de Almeida AM, 2023. The naked neck gene in the domestic chicken: A genetic strategy to mitigate the impact of heat stress in poultry production- A review. Animals, 13(6): 1007, doi: 10.3390\/ani13061007<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Galal A, Radwan LM, Rezik HH, and Ayoub H, 2019. Expression levels of HSP70<\/em> and CPT-1<\/em> in three local breeds of chickens reared under normal or heat stress conditions after the introduction of the naked neck gene. J Therm Biol, 80: 113-118, doi: 10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2018.12.018<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Goger H, Demirtas SE and Yurtogulla S, 2017. Determination effects of slow (K<\/em>) and fast (k+<\/em>) feathering gene on egg production and hatching traits in laying hens. Asian J Anim Vet Adv, 12(5): 247-253, doi: 10.3923\/ajava.2017.247.253<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Khosravinia H and Manafi M, 2016. Broiler chicks with slow-feathering (K<\/em>) or rapid-feathering (k+<\/em>) genes: effects of environmental stressors on physiological adaptive indicators up to 56 h post hatch. Poult Sci, 95(8): 1719-1725, doi: 10.3382\/ps\/pew107<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kumar M, Ratwan P, Dahiya SP and Nehra AK, 2021. Climate change and heat stress: impact on production, reproduction and growth performance of poultry and its mitigation using genetic strategies. J Therm Biol, 97: 102867, doi: 10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2021.102867<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Lara LJ and Rostagno MH, 2013. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. Animals, 3(2): 356-369, doi: 10.3390\/ani3020356<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Pawar SS, Sajjanar B, Lonkar VD, Kurade NP and Kadam AS, 2016. Assessing and mitigating the impact of heat stress in poultry. Adv Anim Vet Sci, 4(6): 332-341, doi: 10.14737\/journal. aavs\/2016\/4.6.332.341<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Broilers on high-energy diets face metabolic challenges, including fatty liver syndrome and related complications. Choline, crucial for acetylcholine synthesis and liver fat metabolism, influences nutrient assimilation and energy metabolism, with deficiency causing growth issues and health complications. This study evaluated the potential of herbal choline supplements derived from specific plants as an alternative to synthetic choline. A total of 200 day-old Vencobb broiler chicks were randomly allocated into four groups, each comprising 50 birds. Each group was further divided into five replicates, with 10 chicks per replicate. The experimental diets were organized as follows: a control group (T0) fed a basal diet; T1, supplemented with synthetic choline chloride (600 g\/tonne) and biotin (150 g\/tonne); T2, supplemented with Repchol (500 g\/tonne); and T3, supplemented with a local herbal choline product, Brand A (1000 g\/tonne). Results indicated herbal choline supplements surpassed synthetic choline chloride effects. Improved growth and performance, particularly in T2, were observed. Gene expression indicated herbal choline's distinct molecular pathway compared to synthetic choline chloride, as it did not significantly (P>0.05) influence PEPCK<\/em> and FAS<\/em> genes. Carcass quality parameters revealed positive impacts in T2, including live weight, dressed weight, breast meat yield, and abdominal fat reduction. Carcass traits, as a percentage of live weight, significantly (P<0.05) improved in herbal supplement groups. The study highlights herbal choline’s potential as a viable synthetic choline substitute in broiler diets. Their enhanced impact on growth, overall performance, and carcass quality supports the exploration of natural substitutes, encourages sustainable practices, and addresses the challenges associated with using synthetic additives in poultry diets.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Herbal Choline, Choline supplements, Gene expression, Performance","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

AOAC, 1996. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International 1996. AOAC, Washington, DC., USA<\/p>\r\n\r\n

BIS, 2007. Indian standards of poultry feed specification, 5th revision. IS: 1374, Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, New Delhi, India<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Calderano AA, Nunes RV, Rodrigueiro RJB and César RA, 2015. Replacement of choline chloride by a vegetal source of choline in diets for broilers. Ciência Anim Bras, 16(1): 37-44, doi: 10.1590\/1089-6891v16i127404<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

D’souza P and Selvam R, 2022. Evaluation of polyherbal formulation in broilers fed high energy diet: implications on zootechnical parameters, fat accretion, and serum L-carnitine levels. J Adv Vet Anim Res, 9(1): 166-174, doi: 10.5455\/javar.2022.i581<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dias AGF, Leandro NSM, Stringhini JH, Batista JMM, Brasileiro JCL et al.<\/em>, 2022. Replacement of choline chloride with a plant source of choline in broiler chicken diets. Anim Prod Sci, 63(5): 463-470, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/AN22205<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Emmert JL and Baker DH, 1997. A chick bioassay approach for determining the bioavailable choline concentration in normal and overheated soybean meal, canola meal, and peanut meal. J Nutr, 127(5): 745-752, doi: 10.1093\/jn\/127.5.745<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Farina G, Kessler ADM, Ebling PD, Marx FR, César R et al.<\/em>, 2017. Performance of broilers fed different dietary choline sources and levels. Ciência Anim Bras, 18: 1-14, doi: 10.1590\/1089-6891v18e-37633<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Filho Demattê LC, Pereira DCO and Possamai E, 2015. Dietary supplementation of alternative methionine and choline sources in the organic broiler production in Brazil. Braz J Poult Sci, 17(4): 489-496, doi: 10.1590\/1516-635X1704489-496<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Huang JY, Yang JH and Wang Y, 2007. Effects of different dietary choline levels on liver lipid deposition and gene expressions of very low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein E in laying hens. Poult Sci, 86(11): 2396-2400<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Igwe IR, Okonkwo CJ, Uzoukwu UG and Onyenegecha CO, 2015. The effect of choline chloride on the performance of broiler chickens. Annu Res Rev Biol, 8(3): 1-8, doi: 10.9734\/ARRB\/2015\/19372<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kathirvelan C, Chandrasekaran D, Vasanthakumar P and Purushothaman MR, 2013. Effect of replacement of synthetic choline with herbal choline on growth performance of broilers. Indian J Anim Nutr, 30(2): 184-187<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Khose K, Manwar S, Gole M, Ingole R and Rathod P, 2019 Replacement of synthetic choline chloride by herbal choline in diets on liver function enzymes, carcass traits and economics of broilers. J Anim Res, 9(1): 87-93, doi: 10.30954\/2277-940X.01.2019.12<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Khosravinia H, Chethen PS, Umakantha B and Nourmohammadi R, 2015. Effects of lipotropic products on productive performance, liver lipid and enzymes activity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci J, 3(2): 113-120<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Lopez G and Leeson S, 1995. Response of broiler breeders to low-protein diets: 1. Adult breeder performance. Poult Sci, 74(4): 685-695, doi: 10.3382\/ps.0740685<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Selvam R, Saravanakumar M, Suresh S, Chandrasekeran CV and Prashanth DS, 2018. Evaluation of polyherbal formulation and synthetic choline chloride on choline deficiency model in broilers: implications on zootechnical parameters, serum biochemistry, and liver histopathology. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 31(11): 1795, doi: 10.5713\/ajas.18.0018<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Snedecor GW and Cochran WG, 1994. Statistical Methods. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press Xu CF, Yu CH, Xu L, Sa XY and Li YM, 2010. Hypouricemic therapy: A novel potential therapeutic option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, doi: 10.1002\/hep.23798<\/a><\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"anilmanas@gmail.com","received_date":"2024-05-19","accepted_date":"2024-11-23","published_date":"2025-03-18","citation":"Anil Kumar C, Susmita T, Naveen Swaroop M, Muralidhar M and Ganguly B, 2025. Assessing the relative effectiveness of synthetic and herbal choline supplements on growth performance, carcass quality and gene expression studies in broilers. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.07224","pageNumber":"","number_view":"4","snippet":"072-24-Res.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.07224-349","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"350","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.07624","title":"Outbreak of Lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Mizoram, India","description":"

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a newly emerged disease of bovines in India. In India, the first outbreak of LSD was reported from Odisha in 2019. Since then, it has spread over various states of the country. A total of 54 samples from 18 affected animals from Aizawl (n=16) and Champhai (n=2) districts were collected. All the samples were processed for detection of LSD virus by PCR and further analyzed by DNA sequencing. The DNA sequences were analyzed to generate the phylogenetic relationship with other circulating LSDV in this region as well as countries. All the skin scabs from affected animals were recorded as positive for LSDV, and the circulating viruses were found to be related to other LSDV viruses of Assam, Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, as well as Chinese strains. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of LSD outbreak in Mizoram.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"India, Lumpy skin disease, Mizoram","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Ali H, Ali AA, Atta MS and Cepica A, 2012. Common, emerging, vector-borne and infrequent abortogenic virus infections of cattle. Transbound Emerg Dis, 59(1): 11-25, doi: 10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2011.01240.x<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Al-Salihi K, 2014. Lumpy skin disease: Review of the literature. Mirror Res Vet Sci Ani, 3(3): 6-23<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kavitha Kl, Sreedevi B and Rajesh K, 2021. Clinico-molecular diagnosis and molecular characterization of bovine lumpy skin disease virus in Andhra Pradesh, India. Trop Anim Health Prod, 53(4): 424, doi: 10.1007\/s11250-021-02872-3<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kumar N, Chander Y, Kumar R, Khandelwal N, Riyesh T et al<\/em>., 2021. Isolation and characterization of lumpy skin disease virus from cattle in India. PLoS One, 16(1): e0241022, doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0241022<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Lamien CE, Lelenta M, Goger W, Silber R, Tuppurainen E et al<\/em>., 2011. Real time PCR method for simultaneous detection, quantitation and differentiation of capripox viruses. J Virol Methods, 171: 134-140, doi: 10.1016\/j.jviromet.2010.10.014<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Rajkhowa TK, <\/a>Mohanarao GJ<\/a>, Gogoi A<\/a>, Hauhnar L <\/a>and Isaac L ,<\/a> 2015. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) from the first outbreak of India shows close relationship with the highly pathogenic variant of China. Vet Q, 35(4): 186-193, doi: 10.1080\/01652176.2015.1066043<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Rajkhowa TK, <\/a>Kiran J, Hauhnar L, Zodinpui D, Paul A et al<\/em>.,<\/a> 2022. Molecular detection and characterization of African swine fever virus from field outbreaks in domestic pigs, Mizoram, India. Transbound Emerg Dis, doi: 10.1111\/tbed.14384<\/a> <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Salib FA and Osman AH, 2011. Incidence of Lumpy skin disease among Egyptian cattle in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Vet World, 4(4): 162-167<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sprygin A, Pestova Y, Bjadovskaya O, Prutnikov P, Zinyakov N et al<\/em>., 2020. Evidence of recombination of vaccine strains of lumpy skin disease virus with field strains, causing disease. PLoS One, 15(5): e0232584, doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0232584<\/a> <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sudhakar SB, Mishra N, Kalaiyarasu S, Jhade SK, Hemadri D et al<\/em>., 2019. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks in cattle in Odisha state, India in August 2019: epidemiological features and molecular studies. Transbound Emerg Dis, 67(6): 2408-2422, doi: 10.1111\/tbed.13579<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Tuppurainen ESM, Lubinga JC, Stoltsz WH, Troskie M, Carpenter ST et al<\/em>., 2013. Mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus<\/em> male ticks. Epidemiol Infect, 141(2): 425-430, doi: 10.1017\/S0950268812000805<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

This study focuses on the construction and standardization of a knowledge test regarding scientific sheep farming practices in northern plains and hills zone of India. The test aims to evaluate farmers' knowledge across key areas viz. feeding, breeding, housing, health care, and other managemental practices. Initially, 80 items were collected, among which 66 were selected according to standard criteria. After relevancy testing, 50 items were found to be most relevant by the experts. In item analysis, 40 items lie between the difficulty index range of 20 to 80 and the discrimination index range of 0.20 to 0.70. The reliability test was done using the Spearman-Brown formula (0.87) and Cronbach's alpha formula (0.83), and also the content validity (S-CVI) worked out as 0.91. Hence, a standardized knowledge test was developed consisting of 40 items, which can be used by researchers and academicians to assess the knowledge of farmers towards scientific sheep husbandry. This test is suitable for assessing the knowledge level of the stakeholders about sheep farming practices, and awareness and training programs can be planned accordingly.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Cronbach\u2019s alpha, Difficulty index, Discrimination index, Relevancy testing, Split-half reliability","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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BAHS, 2022. Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics, Department of Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Johnson DC, Chander M, Sagar MP, Verma MR and Patil AP, 2023. Assessing organic poultry farming knowledge among tribal farmers: A Tailored Knowledge Test. Indian J Ext Educ, 59(4): 141-144. doi: 10.48165\/IJEE.2023.59428<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Kumar P, Prahlad Singh S, Peshin R and Singh A, 2021. Development And Standardization of Knowledge Test on Organic Dairy Farming (odf) Practices in Sub Tropics of Jammu Region of Jammu and Kashmir State (India). Paper at: Organic World Congress 2021, Science Forum: 6th ISOFAR Conference co-organised with INRA, FiBL, Agroecology Europe, TP Organics and ITAB, Rennes, France, 8 - 10 September, 2021<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Shruti, Singh M, Singh BP, Shyamkumar TS, Aneesha VA et al<\/em>., 2022. Construction and validation of knowledge test regarding plant toxicity in dairy animals: A methodological approach. J Community Mobilization Sustain Dev, 17(2): 507-514<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Ethanol (70%) hot water (45±2°C) and a combination of 70% ethanol and hot water (60:40 mL) were used as solvents to produce an extract from green coconut husk. The antioxidant properties of the extract were evaluated by estimating the total phenolic content (TPC) using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, while its antimicrobial effect on selected bacteria was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. The highest TPC was observed in the ethanolic coconut husk extract (ECHE) with 313.44±0.26 mg GAE\/g, followed by a mixture of ethanol and hot water coconut husk extract (MEHWCHE) with 300.35±0.25 mg GAE\/g, while the lowest concentration was found in the hot water coconut husk extract (HWCHE) around 269.76±0.25 mg GAE\/g. The antimicrobial activity of these extracts against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> and Bacillus cereus<\/em> showed that ECHE had higher inhibition zones for all species compared to MEHWCHE and HWCHE. Coconut husk, a widely available byproduct of Cocos nucifera<\/em>, contains significant levels of phenolic compounds with potent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Optimized unconventional extraction methods can efficiently isolate these bioactive compounds, providing a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for valorizing coconut husk waste while addressing pollution issues. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the potential to extract beneficial plant-based compounds from coconut husks using ethanol and hot water, which could be utilized as dietary polyphenols or natural food preservatives.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Agar well diffusion, Antimicrobial activity, Coconut husk extract, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, Total phenolic content","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Adkins SW, Foale M and Samosir YMS, eds, 2006. Coconut revival: new possibilities for the ‘tree of life’. Proceedings of the International Coconut Forum held in Cairns, Australia, 22-24 November 2005. ACIAR Proceedings No. 125, pp 161-167<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Buamard N and Benjakul S, 2015. Improvement of gel properties of sardine (Sardinella albella<\/em>) surimi using coconut husk extracts. Food Hydrocol, 51: 146-155, doi: 10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2015.05.011<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Chakraborty M and Mitra A, 2008. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the methanolic extract from Cocos nucifera<\/em> mesocarp. Food Chem, 107(3): 994-999, doi: 10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.08.083<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Cyriac MB, Pai V, Shantaram M and Jose M, 2013. Antimicrobial properties of coconut husk aqueous extract on cariogenic bacteria. Arch Med Health Sci, 1(2): 126-130, doi: 10.4103\/2321-4848.123024<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dai J and Mumper RJ, 2010. Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis, and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules, 15(10): 7313-7352, doi: 10.3390\/molecules15107313<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dey G, Sachan, Ghosh S and Mitra A, 2003. Detection of major phenolic acids from dried mesocarpic husk of mature coconut by thin layer chromatography. <\/em>Ind Crops Prod, 18(2): 171-176, doi: 10.1016\/S0926-6690(03)00056-6<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Esquenazi D, Wigg MD, Miranda MM, Rodrigues HM, Tostes JB et al<\/em>., 2002. Antimicrobial and antiviral activities of polyphenolics from Cocos nucifera<\/em> Linn. (Palmae) husk fiber extract. Res Microbiol, 153(10): 647-652, doi: 10.1016\/s0923-2508(02)01377-3<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

FAOSTAT, 2020. Available in: https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1040499\/world-coconut-production-by-leading-producers\/ (Accessed on 01\/03\/2024)<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Genwali GR, Acharya PP and Rajbhandari M, 2013. Isolation of gallic acid and estimation of total phenolic content in some medicinal plants and their antioxidant activity. Nepal J Sci Technol, 14(1): 95-102, doi: 10.3126\/njst.v14i1.8928<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Jose M, Cyriac MB, Pai V, Varghese I and Shantaram M, 2014. Antimicrobial properties of Cocos nucifera<\/em> (coconut) husk: An extrapolation to oral health. J Nat Sci Biol Med, 5(2): 359-364, doi: 10.4103\/0976-9668.136184<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Lin JY and Tang CY, 2007. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents in selected fruits and vegetables, as well as their stimulatory effects on mouse splenocyte proliferation. Food chem, 101(1): 140-147, doi: 10.1016\/j. foodchem.2006.01.014<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Maqsood S, Benjakul S and Shahidi F, 2013. Emerging role of phenolic compounds as natural food additives in fish and fish products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 53(2): 162-179, doi: 10.1080\/10408398.2010.518775<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Mazaya G, Karseno K and Yanto T, 2020. Antimicrobial and phytochemical activity of coconut shell extracts. Turk J Agri Food Sci Technol, 8(5): 1090-1097, doi: 10.24925\/turjaf.v8i5.1090-1097.3282<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Olatunde OO, Benjakul S and Vongkamjan K, 2019. Coconut husk extract: antibacterial properties and its application for shelf-life extension of Asian sea bass slices. Int J Food Sci Technol,<\/em> 54(3): 810-822, doi: 10.1111\/ijfs.14000<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Rodiah MH, Nur Asma Fhadhila Z, Kawasaki N, Noor Asiah H and Aziah MY, 2018. Antioxidant activity of natural pigment from husk of coconut. Pertanika J Trop Agric Sci, 41(1): 441-451<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The dairy industry is crucial for meeting global food and nutrition demands, providing high-quality proteins, calcium, vitamins, and minerals. However, the image of milk as white ambrosia has been tarnished due to adulteration, which poses risks to consumer health and compromises the integrity of dairy products. Traceability in the milk and dairy product industry ensures the safety, quality, and transparency of the entire supply chain. This allows for meticulous tracking of each stage of production and distribution, enabling quick identification of potential issues and addressing them. Metabolomics is a rapidly advancing field of study that focuses on the comprehensive analysis of small molecules or metabolites within a biological system. It involves identifying, quantifying, and analyzing these metabolites to understand the metabolic processes occurring in cells, tissues, and organisms. Metabolomics has been used in numerous applications in the dairy industry, providing valuable insights and aiding in various aspects of production, quality control, and product development. By harnessing the power of metabolomics, the dairy industry can improve quality control, enhance animal health and welfare, develop innovative products, and meet the ever-evolving demands of consumers.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Authentication, Mass spectroscopy, NMR, Quality","article_type":"1","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Agin A, Heintz D, Ruhland E, de La Barca JC, Zumsteg J et al<\/em>., 2016. Metabolomics: An overview. From basic principles to potential biomarkers (part 1). Med Nucleaire, 40(1): 4-10, doi: 10.1016\/j.mednuc.2015.12.006<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Andreotti G, Lamanna R, Trivellone E and Motta A, 2002. 13C NMR spectra of TAG: An easy way to distinguish milks from different animal species. J Am Oil Chem Soc, 79(2): 123-127, doi: 10.1007\/s11746-002-0445-2<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Brucellosis, a pervasive zoonotic disease caused by various Brucella<\/em> species, poses a substantial threat to global public health with significant economic impact. In India, where brucellosis is endemic, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Brucella melitensis<\/em> isolates is paramount for effective management. This study aimed to identify a set of 24 nos. of B. melitensis<\/em> isolates of human (n=20) and livestock origin (n=4) by molecular techniques and assess the antimicrobial susceptibility against six antibiotics by employing Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. The isolates were initially identified by biochemical tests followed by molecular confirmation using AMOS PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed 100% sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole, but highlighted intermediate resistance to other antibiotics. Intermediate resistance to doxycycline, gentamicin, streptomycin, and rifampicin was observed in 87.5%, 75%, 29.1%, and 16.67% of the isolates. A host-wise difference in susceptibility pattern was observed with human isolates demonstrating higher intermediate resistance to doxycycline, gentamicin and streptomycin than animal isolates. These findings underscore the imperative for sustained surveillance, prudent antibiotic usage, and innovative treatment modalities to combat brucellosis effectively. Further investigation into the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in B. melitensis<\/em> isolates holds promise for devising targeted therapeutic strategies and enhancing public health outcomes.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"AMOS PCR, Antimicrobial resistance, Disc diffusion method, Public health","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

India is the leading milk producer nation yet faces adulteration in different stages of the supply chain. Consumers’ consciousness towards quality food products has increased in recent years. However, adulteration in the dairy industry is being continuously reported. Faulty animal husbandry and processing practices are the major reasons for the compromised quality of milk and milk products. Such unhealthy practices may diminish consumers’ faith in processed dairy products. This may be dealt with strict food safety regulations, standard production and processing techniques. Animal-derived products that are transparent and traceable, with end-to-end detailed information, bring trust to consumers. Blockchain technology (BCT) is a revolutionary technique that may help combat these aspects in the dairy supply chain. The main aim of this review is to lay out the concepts, techniques, and future prospects of BCT as a sustainable food safety model from an Indian perspective. In addition to this, the background of the Indian dairy industry has also been briefly discussed for better insights into the compatibility of BCT in India. There is a lack of technological infrastructure, finance, human competency, knowledge and understanding of smart technology and resistance from small-scale dairy farmers. For the introduction of BCT in the dairy industry, all the stakeholders must have the basic know-how and grasp of the Blockchain process. BCT, IoT, AI, and management decisions based on raw data are expected to significantly improve the use of technology in dairying for improved food safety in Indian contexts.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Blockchain technology, Consumers, Food safety, Indian dairy industry","article_type":"1","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Fractures are very common in dogs and usually involve both sides of the mandible. The majority of fractures occur due to trauma following road accidents, falls from heights, or fighting injuries. Various techniques have been used for the management of mandibular fracture in dogs, including tape muzzles, circumferential wiring, interdental wiring, intraoral splinting, intraosseous wiring, external skeletal fixators, and plating. The present study describes the surgical treatments of bilateral mandibular fractures in eight dogs presented to the Surgery OPD, TVCC, BVC, Patna, with a history of bleeding from the mouth, reluctant to eat, and persistently open mouth after injury. Based on the history, clinical, and radiological examinations, the cases were diagnosed as bilateral mandibular fractures, and surgical management was decided. Surgery was carried out under general anesthesia. The oral cavity was aseptically prepared, and the fractured mandibles were reduced by applying steady traction on the lower jaw to achieve proper alignment. Bilateral interdental wiring was performed by creating holes with an electric drill for wire placement. Orthopedic wires were threaded through these holes, twisted securely in the bone region, and positioned to bridge the fracture line effectively. Finally, the wires were tightened using a wire twister for proper immobilization. Post-operative antibiotics and analgesics were administered. All animals fully recovered within 30 days without any serious complications.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Iatrogenic trauma, Immobilization, Intraosseous wiring, Mandibular fracture, Orthopedic wire","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

India being the 3rd largest fish and aquaculture producing country, its fisheries sector plays a pivotal role in India's economic and nutritional landscape, providing livelihoods to millions of people and contributing significantly to the country's food security. The present study estimates Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGR), Cuddy-Della Valle index (CDV) and Coefficient of Variation (CV) to analyze the growth and instability in fish production and export of marine products from India for a period of 40 years from 1980 to 2020. The study revealed that CAGR of inland fish production was much higher than that of marine, indicating resource depletion taking place in the marine segment of the Indian fishery. The computation of CAGR based on total quantity of fish exported indicated positive results across all the countries considered in the present study. The countries of Southeast Asia including China followed by USA have achieved highest CAGR in terms of export value of total quantity of fish. The estimates of CDV index based on quantity of total fish exported were highest for the USA and lowest for Japan. Addressing these challenges through sustainable practices and strategic interventions is crucial for ensuring the long-term viability and prosperity of the Indian fisheries sector and diversification of the market to enhance the stability and growth of marine product exports in a rapidly changing global environment.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Coefficient of variation (CV), Compound growth rate (CGR), Cuddy-Della Valle (CDV) index of instability, Marine products export, Risk assessment","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dogs of different breeds which were presented to the Veterinary Clinical Complex, RIVER, Puducherry, with the clinical signs of anorexia, fever, lethargy, congested or pale mucous membrane lymphadenomegaly, bleeding disorders and tick infestation were suggestive of tick-borne diseases which were included under the study. Diagnosis of the tick-borne disease was done by haemato-biochemical examination and PCR. Haemato-biochemistry revealed significant reduction of the Hb, PCV, TLC and platelet count. Molecular diagnosis revealed B<\/em>. gibsoni<\/em> and H<\/em>. canis <\/em>in the tick-infected dogs, which were treated with standard treatment protocol with the supportive of Tab. Yacasyn as a platelet enhancer. After four weeks of treatment, haemato-biochemistry revealed significant increase in the Hb, PCV, RBC and platelet count without alteration in liver function test and renal function test.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"B. gibsoni, Dog, H. canis, Thrombocytopenia, Yacasyn","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Almendros A and Burchell R, 2021. Multiple complications in a dog infected with Babesia gibsoni<\/em>. Vet Rec Case Rep, 9(3): e126, doi: 10.1002\/vrc2.126<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Anish RK, Venu R, Rayulu VC, Jacob SS, Srilatha CH et al.<\/em>, 2020. Prevalence and diversity of ixodid tick fauna in domestic animals of Andhra Pradesh state, India. J Entomol Zool Stud, 8: 2346-2351, doi: 10.22271\/j.ento.2020.v8.i5af.7825<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bhadesiya CM, Raval SK, Hasnani JJ and Neha R, 2016. Epidemiological aspects of tick infestation by Otobius magnini<\/em> and Dermacentor variabilis<\/em> in dogs of Anand, Gujarat. Environ Ecol, 34(2A): 636-639<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bhowmik P, Islam S, De A, Tamuly S and Bouragohain L, 2024. Prevalence and molecular characterization of ticks infesting dogs in Agartala, Tripura. Indian J Anim Sci, 94(8): 669-673, doi: 10.56093\/ijans.v94i8.151086<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dantas-Torres F and Otranto D, 2015. Further thoughts on the taxonomy and vector role of Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/em> group ticks. Vet Parasitol, 208: 9-<\/strong>13, doi: 10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.12.014<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Dantas-Torres F, Latrofa MS, Ramos RA, Lia RP, Capelli Get al<\/em>., 2018. Biological compatibility between two temperate lineages of brown dog ticks, Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/em> (sensu lato). Parasit Vectors, 11: 398-<\/strong>408, doi: 10.1186\/s13071-018-2941-2<\/a> <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Day MJ, 2016. Arthropod-Borne Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 2nd edn., CRC Press, Bristol UK, pp 1-<\/strong>14, doi: 10.1201\/b19686<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Inokuma H, Okuda M, Ohno K, Shimoda K and Onishi T, 2002. Analysis of the 18S rRNA gene sequence of a Hepatozoon detected in two Japanese dogs. Vet Parasitol, 106(3): 265-271, doi: 10.1016\/s0304-4017(02)00065-1<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Jena A, Baidya S, Pandit S, Jas R, Mandal SC et al<\/em>., 2021. Incidence of canine tick vectors and molecular detection of haemoparasites in vectors and hosts. Indian J Anim Res, 55(10): 1215-1223, doi: 10.18805\/IJAR.B-4229<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Pasqualetti VB, Gandolfi AM, dos Santos Pessini PG and da Silva EB, 2021. Clinical and hematological changes in dogs with canine monocytic Ehrlichiosis attended in a private clinic in São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo. J Vet Anim Res, 4: 101<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Peddineni SKS, Vijayalakshmi P, Abiramy Prabavathy A, Devadevi N, Rajkumar K et al<\/em>., 2023. Clinical, haemato-biochemical evaluation and comparison of PCR with conventional blood smear examination for the detection of Babesia gibsoni <\/em>infection in dogs. Ind J Vet Sci Biotech, 19(5): 33-36, doi: 10.48165\/ijvsbt.19.5.06<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Shitta KB, James-Rugu NN and Badaki JA, 2018. Prevalence of ticks on dogs in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Bayero J Pure Appl Sci, 11(1): 451-454, doi: 10.4314\/bajopas.v11i1.71S<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sudhakara Reddy B, Sivajothi S, Varaprasad Reddy LS and Solmon Raju KG, 2016. Clinical and laboratory findings of Babesia infection in dogs. J Parasit Dis, 40: 268-272, doi: 10.1007\/s12639-014-0491-x<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Taylor MA, Coop RL and Wall RL, 2016. Veterinary Parasitology, 4th edn., Black Well Oxford, United Kingdom, pp 340<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Vidhya MS, Chandrasekar M, Arunkumar S, Subapriya S and Sathish G, 2024. Clinico pathological evaluation of Babesia gibsoni<\/em> associated renal failure in dogs. Indian J Vet Sci Biotechnol, 20(3): 77-81, doi: 10.48165\/ijvsbt.20.3.15<\/a><\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"devadevivmd@river.edu.in","received_date":"2024-09-18","accepted_date":"2025-01-30","published_date":"2025-03-18","citation":"Sudha Naga Chittitalli A, Devadevi N, Rajkumar K, Vivek S, Vijayalakshmi P and Abiramy alias Prabavathy A, 2025. Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Yacasyn\u00ae tablet as a platelet supplement in thrombocytopenic dogs. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.12124","pageNumber":"","number_view":"5","snippet":"121-24-Res.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.12124-358","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"359","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.13924","title":"Effect of heat stress on physiological responses and concentration of cortisol of Nellore brown lambs in conventional and elevated housing system","description":"

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The study was conducted to investigate physiological responses and cortisol of Nellore brown lambs housed under conventional and elevated housing systems in summer without climate control. Twenty lambs (age 3-4 months) were divided randomly into two groups in a completely randomized design and ten lambs were maintained under conventional housing system with moorum floor and ten lambs were housed in an elevated housing system with wooden slatted floor for a period of 90 days. All the physiological parameters, rectal temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate were recorded at weekly intervals both morning and evening. Temperature humidity index was recorded daily at 8.30 AM and 2.30 PM. The study revealed that the evening THI was significantly (P<0.05) lower in elevated (85.73±0.31) housing system compared to conventional (86.67±0.32) housing system. Significantly (P<0.05) higher RT (?), RR (breaths\/min), PR (beats\/min) were recorded in lambs maintained under conventional housing system compared to elevated housing system in the morning and evening. Overall cortisol concentration was significantly (P<0.05) high in conventional housing system. Type of housing had significantly influenced physiological responses and cortisol. All the physiological responses were increased from morning to evening with increase in THI in both housing systems. Comparison of housing systems revealed that the animals under conventional housing system were under more heat stress than elevated housing system. It can be concluded that elevated housing system was more beneficial to the lambs in summer season than conventional housing system under intensive system of rearing.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Conventional housing system, Cortisol, Elevated housing system, Nellore brown lambs, Temperature humidity index.","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Bhatta M, Das D and Ghosh PR, 2014. The effect of ambient temperature on some biochemical profiles of black Bengal goats (Capra aegagrushircus<\/em>) in two different agroclimatic zones in West Bengal, India. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci, 9 (4): 32-36, doi: 10.9790\/3008-09433236<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Bhatta R, Swain N, Verma DL and Singh NP, 2005. Effect of housing on physiological responses and energy expenditure of sheep in a semi-arid region of India. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 18(8): 1188-1193, doi: 10.5713\/ajas.2005.1188<\/a> <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Chishti<\/a> AA, Khan HM, Rouf Ahmed Pattoo A, Majeed Ganai OA, Shah AA et al<\/em>., 2020. Haemato-biochemical profile of Corriedale ewes in relation to winter housing and feeding interventions in Kashmir region. J Entomol Zool Stud, 8(3): 1988-1992<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Clark JA and McArthur AJ, 1994. Thermal Exchanges. In: Livestock Housing, Wathes CM, Charles DR edn. CAB International, Wallingford, pp97-122<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Divate RT, 2014. Study on effect of different types of flooring material on the growth performance in Osmanabadi kids. MVSc Thesis, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, Maharashtra<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Hooper HB, dos Santos Silva P, de Oliveira SA, Merighe GKF and Negrão JA, 2018. Acute heat stress induces changes in physiological and cellular responses in Saanen goats. Int J Biometeorol, 62: 2257-2265, doi: 10.1007\/s00484-018-1630-3<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Li FK, Yang Y, Jenna K, Xia CH, Lv SJ et al<\/em>., 2018. Effect of heat stress on the behavioral and physiological patterns of Small-tail Han sheep housed indoors. Trop Anim Health Prod, 50(8): 1893-1901, doi: <\/a>10.1007\/s11250-018-1642-3<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

LPHSI L, 1990. Poultry Heat Stress Indices Agriculture Engineering Technology Guide. Clemson University, Clemson, 29634 (4), USA<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Marai IFM, El-Darawany AA, Fadiel A and Abdel-Hafez MAM, 2007. Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep- A review. Small Rumin Res, 71: 1-12, doi: 10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2006.10.003<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Rahman A, Nagpaul PK and Singh B, 2013. Effect of two different shelter systems on milk yield and composition, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency and physiological responses in lactating crossbred goats during winter season. Egypt J Sheep Goat Sci, 8(1): 81-87, doi: 10.12816\/0005028<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Rathwa<\/a> SD, Vasava AA, Pathan MM, Madhira SP, Patel YG et al<\/em>., 2017. Effect of season on physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and oxidative stress parameters of indigenous sheep. Vet world, 10(6): 650-654, doi: 10.14202\/vetworld.2017.650-654<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sejian<\/a> V, Maurya VP and Naqvi SM, 2010. Adaptive capability as indicated by endocrine and biochemical responses of Malpura ewes subjected to combined stresses (thermal and nutritional) in a semi-arid tropical environment. Int J Biometeorol, 54(6): 653-661, doi: 10.1007\/s00484-010-0341-1<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sejian V, Srivastava RS and Varshney VP, 2008. Pineal–adrenal relationship: modulating effects of glucocorticoids on pineal function to ameliorate thermal-stress in goats. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 21(7): 988-994, doi: 10.5713\/ajas.2008.70482<\/a> <\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sharma MC, Mahesh Kumar and Sharma RD, 2021. Textbook of Clinical Veterinary Medicine. Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi, India, pp30-38<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Singh<\/a> SP, Ramachandran N, Tripathi MK and Bhusan S, 2017. Physiological, biochemical and endocrine response of goat kids maintained on two different floor types in hot-dry weather conditions. Indian J Anim Sci, 87 (2): 223-228, doi: 10.56093\/ijans.v87i2.67755<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Yamin D, Beena V, Ramnath V, Zarina A, Harikumar S et al<\/em>., 2022. Impact of thermal stress on physiological, behavioural and biochemical parameters in native and crossbred goats. Small Rumin Res, 216: 106794, doi: 10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2022.106794<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Yasotha A and Sivakumar T, 2013. Effects of flooring system on growth performance of Madras red lambs. Indian Vet J, 90(4): 107-108<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The case was represented as a 6-month-old Indian non-descript male calf with a chief complaint of anuria with a distended abdomen for 48 hours. Clinical examination revealed fluid thrill on ballottement of ventro-lateral aspect of abdominal cavity. Moreover, abdominocentesis was done under aseptic conditions, indicating the fluid that resembled urine. The case was assumed to be cystorrhexis, which may have occurred due to obstructive urolithiasis, finally resulting into uroperitoneum. Surgical intervention involved cystorrhaphy and tube cystotomy with Foley's catheter through ventral paramedian site. Administration of supportive medications like appropriate choice of fluid to correct electrolyte and acid-base balance, especially for preventing shock, one broad spectrum antibiotic, anti-inflammatory drug, urinary acidifier and cellulolytic agent like ammonium chloride to the animal in the post-operative days. The calf was recovered after 2 weeks of surgery without any complications<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Cystorrhaphy, Cystorrhexis, Fluid-thrill, Tube Cystotomy, Uroperitoneum","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

Islam MS, Rahman MM, Bhuiyan MMU, Shamsuddin M and Islam MT, 2016. Efficacy of oxytetracycline, amoxicillin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, and tylosin for the treatment of bacterial diseases in cattle and goats.<\/em> Bangladesh J Vet Med, 14(1): 47-51, doi: 10.3329\/bjvm.v14i1.28822<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Ismail ZB, 2016. Epidural analgesia in cattle, buffalo, and camels. Vet World, 9(12): 1450-1455, doi: 10.14202\/vetworld.2016.1450-1455<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kataria C, Sharma AK and Gupta DK, 2022. Epidemiological, hemato-biochemical and therapeutic study on nutritional hemoglobinuria in cattle and buffaloes. Indian J Vet Med, 42(2): 47-54<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Loretti AP, Oliveira LO, de Cruz CEF and Driemeier D, 2003. Clinical and pathological study of an outbreak of obstructive urolithiasis in feedlot cattle in southern Brazil. Pesq Vet Bras, 23(2): 61-64, doi: 10.1590\/S0100-736X2003000200003<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Mahajan A, Gupta AK, Bhadwal MS, Bhat MA and Bhardwaj HR, 2017. Occurrence and management of obstructive urolithiasis in ruminants. J Anim Res, 7(4): 723-731, doi: 10.5958\/2277-940X.2017.00111.5<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Ramya NM, Bhagavantappa B, Shivaprakash, Kumar DD, Venkatgiri et al.<\/em>, 2024. Electrocardiographic evaluation of xylazine-etomidate-isoflurane and dexmedetomidine-ketamine-isoflurane anaesthesia under guaifenesin premedication for various surgeries in cattle. Indian J Vet Sci Biotechnol, 20(3): 71-76, doi: 10.48165\/ijvsbt.20.3.14<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Sharun K, Manjusha KM, Kumar R, Pawde AM, Malik Y et al.<\/em>, 2020. Prevalence of obstructive urolithiasis in domestic animals: An interplay between seasonal predisposition and dietary imbalance. Iraqi J Vet Sci, 35(2): 227-232, doi: 10.33899\/ijvs.2020.126662.1358<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Shock D, Roche S and Olson M, 2019. A comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of oral and subcutaneous meloxicam administered to postpartum dairy cows. Vet Sci, 6(3): 73, doi: 10.3390\/vetsci6030073<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Thakur N, Dey S, Verma M, Jacob A, Choudhary SS et al.<\/em>, 2020. Epidemiologic evaluation of urolithiasis in Bareilly area of Uttar Pradesh, India. Biol Rhythm Res, 51(4): 489-495, doi: 10.1080\/09291016.2018.1537547<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

The developmental changes from the embryonic to the post-hatching stage appear to be associated with the altered carbohydrate availability resulting from a shift from the high-fat, low-carbohydrate environment of the egg yolk to the low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet normally fed to the chicken after hatching. Hence, a comparative study was carried out in broiler and Vanaraja embryos on key enzymes of gluconeogenesis and HMP pathways, which are vital to ensure an optimal supply of glucose and nucleic acid precursors for embryo survival and early post-hatch life. The activities of Glucose-6-phosphatase(G6Pase) and Fructose 1-6 bisphosphatase (FBPase) were significantly increased towards the growth of the embryos and found to be higher in liver tissues compared to brain tissues of Vanaraja. Both the enzyme activities were found to be higher in Vanaraja compared to broilers. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity decreased significantly in both the tissues towards the growth of the embryo and it was significantly higher in brain tissue compared to liver tissue of broilers. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was found to be lower in Vanaraja when compared to broilers. Glutathione (GSH) levels significantly decreased in both tissues towards the development of embryos and were significantly higher in Vanaraja embryos compared to broilers. In both the embryos, GSH levels were high in liver compared to brain tissue during embryonic development. Embryo weights were significantly lower in Vanaraja when compared to broilers towards the development of the embryos<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Broiler, Carbohydrate metabolism, Enzymes, Glutathione, Vanaraja breed ","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Bhagavan NV, 2002. Chapter 15 - Carbohydrate Metabolism II: Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Synthesis and Breakdown, and Alternative Pathways. Medical Biochemistry (4th edn.), pp 275-305<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Burt AM and Wenger BS, 1961. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the brain of the developing chick. Dev Biol, 3: 84-95, doi: 10.1016\/0012-1606(61)90011-2<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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De Oliveira JE, Uni Z and Ferket PR, 2008. Important metabolic pathways in poultry embryos prior to hatch. World Poult Sci J, 64(4): 488-499, doi: 10.1017\/S0043933908000160<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Donaldson WE, 1995. Carbohydrate, hatchery stressors affect poult survival. Feedstuffs, 67(14): 16-17<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Farnararo M and Bruni P, 1982. Changes in the G6PDH\/6PGDH ratio in the chick brain during development. Experientia. 38(9): 1042-1043, doi: 10.1007\/BF01955355<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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King J, 1965. In: Practical Clinical Enzymology. D. Van Nostrand Company Ltd., London, pp 70-75<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Kumar A, Das K, Bharti A, Kumar R and Singh AK, 2013. Embryonic mortality pattern in Black Rock, Gramapriya and Vanaraja breeds of chicken. Progress Res, 8(1): 98-100<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Mahapatra M and Murthy TL, 1990. Enzyme profile in Quail embryo. Thesis submitted to Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology; Bhubaneswar. Available In: http:\/\/krishikosh.egranth.ac.in\/handle\/1\/5810080608<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Moran ET Jr, 2007. Nutrition of the developing embryo and hatchling. Poult Sci, 86(5): 1043-1049, doi: 10.1093\/ps\/86.5.1043<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Muramatsu T, Hiramoto K, Koshi N, Okumura J, Miyoshi S et al.<\/em>, 1990. Importance of albumen content in whole-body protein synthesis of the chicken embryo during incubation. Br Poult Sci, 31(1): 101-106, doi: 10.1080\/00071669008417235<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Sato M, Tachibana T and Furuse M, 2006. Heat production and lipid metabolism in broiler and layer chickens during embryonic development. Comp Biochem Physiol Part A Mol Integr Physiol, 143(3): 382-388, doi: 10.1016\/j.cbpa.2005.12.019<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Schaffenburg WC, Benjamin NL, Cynthia MC and DeKlotz, 2021. Polymorphisms: Why Individual Drug Responses Vary. In: Comprehensive Dermatologic Drug Therapy, 4th edn., pp 21-33, doi: 10.1016\/B978-0-323-61211-1.00003-6<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Shibata M, Iwasawa A and Yayota M, 2023. Gluconeogenesis in the yolk sac membrane: enzyme activity, gene expression, and metabolites during layer chicken development. <\/em>J Poult Sci, 60(2): 2023020, doi: 10.2141%2Fjpsa.2023020<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Wallace JC and Newsholme EA, 1967. A comparison of the properties of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase, and the activities of other key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, in the livers of embryonic and adult rat, sheep and domestic fowl. Biochem J, 104(2): 378-384, doi: 10.1042\/bj1040378<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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Watford M, Hod Y, Chiao Y, Utter MF and Hanson RW, 1981. The unique role of the kidney in gluconeogenesis in the chicken. J Biol Chem, 256(19): 10023-10027, doi: 10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68734-X<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Wilson XJ, Edmund MKL and Rolando FDM, 1992. Developmental profiles of antioxidant enzymes and trace metals in chick embryo. Mech Ageing Dev, 65(1): 51-64, doi: 10.1016\/0047-6374(92)90125-w<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n Probiotic culture Lactobacillus helveticus <\/em>MTCC 5463 (V3) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus <\/em>MTCC 5462 (I4) were used for this study for comparison and evaluation of functional properties. Cultures were inoculated @ 2% for conducting each study. V3 culture reduced pH from 6.36±0.02 to 4.8±0.09 in 24th h of observation. I4 reduced pH from 6.3±0.05 to 5.01±0.06 in 24th h. I4 was more tolerant to bile salt than V3. It showed mean Abs620 - 0.435 compared to V3 Abs620- 0.395 at 0.3% bile concentration. In case of phenol tolerance, V3 was tolerant to phenol concentration of 0.4%, whereas I4 showed tolerance up to 0.4% phenol. I4 showed more tolerance to pancreatin than V3. Both were tolerant to 0.3% pancreatin, but I4 showed higher Abs600 (0.433) than V3 (0.301). The cell surface hydrophobicity values for V3 ranged from 47.31 to 78.06% and for I4 it remained 33.29 to 67.88% to n- hexadecane, n- hexane, xylene and chloroform. In case of auto-aggregation values increased over incubation period and ranged from 21.08 - 51.22% and 25.47- 43.14% for V3 and I4 respectively. V3 showed good auto aggregation property than I4. V3 (10.92 log cfu\/mL) showed a significantly higher viability than I4 (10.59 log cfu\/mL). There was a significant increase in cell viability for both of the cultures up to 24 hrs. According to statistical analysis V3 culture showed comparatively better results for conducted in-vitro <\/em>tests than I4<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Auto-aggregation, Bile tolerance, Cell surface hydrophobicity, Phenol tolerance, Probiotics","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

To investigate the presence of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in some suspected cattle of West Bengal (WB), the nodules and scabs were collected and virological\/ molecular confirmation was performed. The skin biopsies (n=6) were collected from the representative animals (n=3) in virus transport medium and stored at 4oC. Latter, LSDV-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), recommended by World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH, previously OIE), was performed. Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of sample inoculated embryonated chicken egg (ECE) showing pock lesions was triturated and inoculated into vero cell lines. Clear cytopathic effect (CPE) of virus was observed at 72 hours post inoculation. Capripox virus specific PCR confirmed the presence of LSD virus in the cell supernatant. We report LSDV isolation from field outbreaks using ECE and vero cell lines first time in WB. LSD cases of WB need urgent attention to formulate control strategies as the state shares international borders.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"DNA virus, Emerging disease, Lumpy skin disease virus, Skin nodules, Vector-borne disease","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"

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\r\n\t
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WOAH (World Organization for Animal Health) Terrestrial Manual (2024). Lumpy skin Disease. edn., 13, Chapter 3.4.12<\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"drsnjoardar@wbuafscl.ac.in, joardar69@gmail.com","received_date":"2025-01-12","accepted_date":"2025-03-07","published_date":"2025-04-06","citation":"Joardar SN, Samanta I, Chowdhury M, Paul A, Bardhan R, Mondal T and Samanta S, 2025. Maiden isolation and molecular confirmation of lumpy skin disease virus from cattle in West Bengal, Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.00325","pageNumber":"","number_view":"3","snippet":"003-25-Res .pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.00325-363","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"364","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.07724","title":"A cross-sectional study on serum testosterone and cortisol concentrations in pre-musth and non-musth Asian bull elephants (Elephas maximus) using radioimmunoassay (RIA) in Assam, India","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Musth is a normal physiological phenomenon exhibited predominately by adult healthy dominant bull elephants. The condition is characterized by aggressive behavior due to increased reproductive activity in adult male elephants of both Asian and African species. Physiological, anatomical, and behavioral manifestations are commonly observed during annual musth due to the remarkable elevation of testosterone in the body. The present study investigates serum testosterone and cortisol concentrations in adult bull Asian elephants during pre-musth and non-musth conditions using Radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum testosterone (67.68±9.98 ng\/mL) and cortisol (419.42±56.64 ng\/mL) concentrations in elephants in pre-musth were significantly higher (p>0.01) than in normal elephants. The Pearson correlation between testosterone and cortisol in normal elephants was statistically insignificant (r=-0.067, p=0.791), while in elephants in the pre-musth period, it was insignificant but positively correlated (r=0.302, p=0.561). The regression model predicts that in the pre-musth condition, testosterone increases by approximately 0.05 (ng\/mL) as cortisol increases by 1 ng\/mL on average, whereas in normal adults, testosterone decreases by 0.001 (ng\/mL). However, 9.11% of the variability in testosterone can be explained by the linear association between testosterone and cortisol in elephants during the pre-musth period, in contrast the same was only 0.45% in normal adults. This is the first interim investigation reported on the hormonal profile of elephants in relation to the pre-musth period from the state of Assam, India.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Assam, Cortisol, Correlation, Musth, Testosterone","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
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Carmen BC, 2012. Serum and fecal cortisol concentrations during the annual musth cycle of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus<\/em>) bulls. Final report on research project. Available in https:\/\/studenttheses.uu.nl\/handle\/20.500.12932\/11578. [08<\/a> December 2022]<\/p>\r\n\r\n
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Ganswindt A, Rasmussen HB, Heistermann M and Hodges JK, 2005(b). The sexually active states of free-ranging male African elephants (Loxodonta africana<\/em>): defining musth and non-musth using endocrinology, physical signals, and behavior. Horm Behav, 47(1): 83-91, doi: 10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2004.09.002<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n
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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
A case of gingival papilloma in a 22 days old goat kid was studied. Tissue biopsy sample received from Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu for histopathological diagnosis had a description of soft, irregular, friable growth in the upper and lower gingiva. Biopsy tissue was preserved in formalin and processed as per standard histopathological technique. Histological section of the tissue revealed hyperplasia of stratified squamous epithelium which was thrown into finger-like projections supported by meagre fibrous stroma. Basal cells showed intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies with nuclear indentation. Neoplastic cells showed perinuclear halo and emperipolesis. Stratum spinosum<\/em> showed ballooning degeneration with eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Histochemistry revealed pinkish-orange intracytoplasmic inclusion in the cells of stratum spinosum<\/em>. Based on the histopathmorphological observations, the case was diagnosed as Oral Papilloma.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Emperipolesis, Gingiva, Goat kid, Papilloma, Viral inclusions","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
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Vitovec J, Kursa J, Kratochvil P and Skalova A, 1999. Congenital fibropapillomatosis in a piglet. Vet Pathol, 36(1): 83-85, doi: 10.1354\/vp.36-1-83<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Zurcher-Giovannini S, Ruder T-D, Pool R, Erdelyi K and Origgi FC, 2020. Mandibular ossifying fibroma and multiple oral papillomas in a roe deer (Capreolus capreolus<\/em>). Front Vet Sci, 7: 166, doi: 10.3389\/fvets.2020.00166<\/a><\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"vetdrprasad@gmail.com","received_date":"2024-05-17","accepted_date":"2025-02-23","published_date":"2025-04-14","citation":"Babu Prasath N and Selvaraj J, 2025. Oral papillomatosis: histopathomorphological study of gingival papilloma in a goat kid. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.07024","pageNumber":"","number_view":"1","snippet":"070-24-SC.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.07024-365","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"366","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.07924","title":"Dystocia caused by breech presentation of a fetal monster with congenital salivary cyst and extensive macroglossia in a buffalo- A rare case report","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
A pluriparous buffalo was presented to the Veterinary Clinical Complex, Gannavaram with signs of parturition, rupture of allantoic sac and was unable to parturate. On per vaginal examination, it was diagnosed as posterior longitudinal presentation, dorso-sacral position with breech posture. A live calf with a congenital salivary cyst and macroglossia was delivered by forced traction. Incidence of macroglossia and congenital salivary cyst are reported to be rare in buffalo.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Buffalo, Congenital, Macroglossia, Salivary cyst","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
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Hari Krishna NVV, 2023. Dystocia due to external hydrocephalus in a primiparous buffalo heifer. Buff Bulletin, 42(3): 291-293, doi: 10.56825\/bufbu.2023.4232682<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Hari Krishna NVV, Thangadurai R and Bose VSC, 2010. Surgical correction of bilateral ranula in a murrah buffalo. Intas Polivet, 11(2): 157, doi: 10.1186\/s12917-023-03755-5<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n
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Noakes DE, Parkinson TJ and England GCW, 2009. Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, 9th edn, Saunders Elsevier, London pp 247<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Purohit GN, Kumar P, Solanki K, Shekher C and Yadav SP, 2012. Perspectives of fetal dystocia in cattle and buffalo. Vet Sci Dev, 2: e8, doi: 10.4081\/vsd.2012.3712<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Raja K, Lakshmi MS, Purushotham G, Raghavender KBP, Rao TCS et al<\/em>., 2016. Gross morphological studies on major salivary glands of prenatal buffalo. Buffalo Bull, 35(3): 479-483<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Sachan V, Shinde S, Mahla AS and Prasad JK, 2014. Management of fetal dystocia due to breech presentation and ascites in a buffalo. Intas Polivet, 15: 329-330<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Singh AD and Singh O, 2017. Prenatal development of buffalo major salivary glands: gross morphological and biometrical studies. Buffalo Bull, 36(1): 155-168<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Vogel JE, Mulliken JB and Kaban LB, 1986. Macroglossia- A review of the condition and a new classification. Plast Reconst Surg, 78(6): 715-723, doi:10.1097\/00006534-198678060-00001<\/a><\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"drharikrishnavet@gmail.com","received_date":"2024-05-31","accepted_date":"2025-02-20","published_date":"2025-04-16","citation":"Greeshma Reddy K and Hari Krishna NVV, 2025. Dystocia caused by breech presentation of a fetal monster with congenital salivary cyst and extensive macroglossia in a buffalo- A rare case report. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.07924","pageNumber":"","number_view":"1","snippet":"079-24-SC.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.07924-366","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"367","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.11624","title":"Oesophageal obstruction with trichobezoar in a heifer","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Trichobezoars (hairballs) in heifer originate from the ingestion of hair during periods of excessive licking. The cause of licking in adult animals is usually a skin disease characterized by itching, such as occurs in scabies or pediculosis. One-year old female heifer weighing 80 kg was presented in Veterinary Clinical Complex, Bihar Veterinary College, Patna with the history of depression, anorexia, frequent salivation and obstipation for the past two days. During the physical examination of the animal, a hard, oval-shaped lump was detected in the lower esophageal region. Physiological examinations like temperature, respiration rate and heart rate are normal and in range. Lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs of neck region revealed an oval shaped mass. On the basis of clinical and radiological examination the clinical case diagnosed as trichobezoar esophageal obstruction. Immediately oral examination was performed and a hard-oval bezoar composed of hair fibers was retrieved from the esophagus with help of mouth gag. Animal was treated with fluid therapy, antibiotic, analgesic and multivitamin. The animal started taking normal feed immediately after removal of obstruction without any complications.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Heifer, Mouth gag, Radiography, Trichobezoars","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
Dilip kumar D, Kasalikar V and Muralikrishnan BV, 1995. Esophageal obstruction by a stone in a bullock. Indian Vet J, 72: 385-386<\/p>\r\n\r\n
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Hofmeyr CFB, 1974. Obstruction of oesophagus by tarpaulin cloth in a buffalo calf. Indian Vet J, 78: 243-244 <\/p>\r\n\r\n
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Smith BP, 2008. Large Animal Internal Medicine. 4th edn., St. Louis, Missouri, Mosby, pp 804-805<\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"mithileshvet2006@gmail.com","received_date":"2024-09-12","accepted_date":"2025-03-16","published_date":"2025-04-16","citation":"Kumar M, Kumar R, Aakansha, Singh S and Akshansh, 2025. Oesophageal obstruction with trichobezoar in a heifer. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.11624","pageNumber":"","number_view":"1","snippet":"116-24-SC.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.11624-367","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"368","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.15924","title":"Correction of thoracic choking by laparo-gastrotomy approach in puppy","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
This article described a successful case of caudal thoracic esophageal foreign body retrieval through laparo-gastrotomy in a 3-month-old male Spitz puppy presented with a history of eating a bone chew treat on the previous night of presentation day<\/strong>. The exact position of the foreign body was ascertained by both plain and positive contrast radiography<\/strong>. On confirmation of the position, the foreign body was removed via laparo-gastrotomy under total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) protocol<\/strong>. The animal recovered uneventfully and returned to normalcy following careful post-operative within 10-15 days of management<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Contrast radiography, Esophagus, Foreign body, Laparo-gastrotomy, Puppy","article_type":"3","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
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Venugopalan A, 2005. Essentials of Veterinary Surgery, 8th edn., Oxford & IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, India, pp-316<\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"manav.sharma@aau.ac.in","received_date":"2024-11-28","accepted_date":"2025-03-21","published_date":"2025-04-16","citation":"Sharma M, Singh BK, Buragohain KK, Roy K, Keot K and Bhattarai A, 2025. Correction of thoracic choking by laparo-gastrotomy approach in puppy. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.15924","pageNumber":"","number_view":"1","snippet":"159-24-SC.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.15924-368","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"},{"id":"370","issue_id":"0","doi_number":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.06724","title":"Measurement of various retrocardiac thoracic indices in Labrador dogs using computed radiography (CR)","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Present study was conducted on client owned 24 healthy and cardiac affected Labrador dogs of either sex; the animals were divided into two groups each containing 12 animals. In group-I, healthy dogs that were free from cardiothoracic disease and in group-II; cardiac affected dogs (diagnosed by clinical signs, biochemical test and electrocardiography). Quantitative assessment of various radiographic cardiothoracic indices was done in both the groups by using 500mA X-Ray machine (EP-CORSA 40 kw\/Epsilon Health care solutions Pvt. Ltd). A complete radiographic examination of the thorax was done in right lateral (RL) or left lateral (LL) and dorso-ventral (DV) or ventro-dorsal (VD) views by including thoracic inlet, manubrium, all the thoracic vertebrae, complete cardiac silhouette, sternum and diaphragm. The radiographs were evaluated quantitatively and abnormal radiographs having severe lung effusions and cardiac effacement were excluded from the study tracheal (TrD) and Thoracic inlet (ThID) diameter, cardiac inclination angle, cardiosternal contact, cardio-phrenic contact, caudal vena cava (CVC) diameter, costophrenic angle, tracheal inclination angle, distance between the thoracic wall and the cardiac silhouette, thoracic depth (TD), width (TW) and thoracic length (TL) based on findings it can be concluded that all the indices did not show any significant change in both the groups as well as comparable radiographic views in all the indices. <\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Cardiac, Radiography, Thoracic","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
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Abstract                                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
The indiscriminate use of antibiotic growth promoters contributes to antimicrobial resistance in livestock and humans<\/strong>. Phytogenics are natural alternatives that could improve animal performance without exerting negative effects on the environment, livestock and human health<\/strong>. Therefore, the influence of Blood Root Leaf Meal (BRLM), Scent Leaf Meal (SLM), and Bamboo Charcoal (BC) on haematological, serum biochemical and antioxidant parameters of growing pigs was assessed<\/strong>. Large White x Landrace male pigs (n=48, weighing 28<\/strong>.4±1<\/strong>.46kg) were allotted to eight treatments (r=3) in a completely randomised design for six weeks<\/strong>. Treatment 1 (control), while treatment 2 to treatment 8 contained 3%BRLM, 5%SLM, 1%BC, 3%BRLM+1%BC, 5%SLM+1%BC, 3%BRLM+5%SLM, and 3%BRLM+5%SLM+1%BC, respectively<\/strong>. At day 42, blood (5 mL) was sampled for haematological, serum biochemical and antioxidant parameters according to standard procedures<\/strong>. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0<\/strong>.05<\/strong>. Pigs fed control had lower packed cell volume (30<\/strong>.50%), haemoglobin (9<\/strong>.65 g\/dL), and red blood cells (4<\/strong>.77x1012\/L), and higher white blood cells (9<\/strong>.75x109\/L) compared to other treatments<\/strong>. Pigs fed 3%BRLM+5%SLM+1%BC had lower alanine aminotransferase (36<\/strong>.50 U\/L), and aspartate aminotransferase (62<\/strong>.00 U\/L) which was similar to that of pigs fed 5%SLM+1%BC (70<\/strong>.00 U\/L)<\/strong>. Higher total antioxidant capacity was recorded for pigs fed 3%BRLM+5%SLM (16<\/strong>.45 μg\/dL), while pigs fed control had lower glutathione peroxidase (8<\/strong>.21 units\/mg protein)<\/strong>. In conclusion, supplementation of blood root leaf meal, scent leaf meal, and bamboo charcoal increased red blood cell, haemoglobin, and packed cell volume values, decreased white blood cell values, and improved superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in pigs<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n","keywords":"Bamboo charcoal, Blood parameters, Blood root, Growing pigs, Scent leaf","article_type":"2","status":"Y","price_status":"F","reference":"
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Zhou TX, Zhang, ZF and Kim IH, 2013. Effects of dietary Coptis chinensis<\/em> herb extract on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 26(1): 108-115, doi: 10.5713\/ajas.2011.11400<\/a><\/p>\r\n","corresponding_author_email":"emmayem.dtb@gmail.com","received_date":"2025-01-16","accepted_date":"2025-03-05","published_date":"2025-04-15","citation":"Adeola EA, Omidiwura BRO and Agboola AF, 2025. Influence of blood root leaf meal, scent leaf meal, and bamboo charcoal on haematological, serum biochemical and antioxidant parameters of growing pigs. Indian J Anim Health, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36062\/ijah.2025.00525","pageNumber":"","number_view":"1","snippet":"005-25-Res.pdf","upcoming_content_0":"","upcoming_content_1":"","upcoming_content_2":"","upcoming_content_3":"","upcoming_content_4":"","upcoming_content_5":"","upcoming_content_6":"","upcoming_content_7":"","upcoming_content_8":"","upcoming_content_9":"","upcoming_content_10":"","upcoming_content_11":"","upcoming_content_12":"","upcoming_content_13":"","upcoming_content_14":"","alias":"10.36062-ijah.2025.00525-371","author":"","is_show":"Y","feature_view":"Y"}],"dropdown":[{"id":"1","name":"Review Article","special":"Y","status":"Y"},{"id":"2","name":"Research Article","special":"Y","status":"Y"},{"id":"3","name":"Short Communication","special":"Y","status":"Y"},{"id":"4","name":"Letter to Editor","special":"N","status":"Y"},{"id":"5","name":"News","special":"N","status":"Y"},{"id":"6","name":"Book review","special":"N","status":"Y"},{"id":"7","name":"Commentary","special":"N","status":"Y"}],"message":[{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.05724-315","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.05724","name":"Short Communication","title":"Clinico-pathological study and surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia with perineal hernia in a dog","author":"Sulekha*, S. Kumar, B. L. Jangir, Deepika, R. Niwas, D. K. Tiwari","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
The present study describes the clinico-pathological findings of benign prostatic hyperplasia along with perineal hernia in a six-year-old intact male Spitz dog. The dog was presented to the Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, LUVAS, Hisar, with a history of swelling in the perineal region along with cessation of urination. The clinical examination revealed that swelling was fluctuating in nature, and it was diagnosed as a perineal hernia of the right side. Ultrasonographic examination showed the presence of urinary bladder and prostatic mass in the herniated swelling. Under general anaesthesia, perineal hernia was corrected surgically by herniorrhaphy. The prostate was greatly enlarged and was suspected as a tumor mass; hence, it was excised and processed for histopathology after fixation in 10% neutral buffered formalin. After prostate was excised, vesicourethral anastomosis was performed. Histopathological examination of excised mass of prostate gland revealed benign prostatic hyperplasia. It was characterized by hyperplasia of glandular epithelium with occasional presence of papillary folding. <\/strong>Based on clinical examination, ultrasonography and histopathological findings, the case was diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia along with perineal hernia.<\/strong> Post-operative care was advised as usual. No post-operative complications were reported till two months after surgery.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Dog, Perineal hernia, Prostatectomy","snippet":"057-24-SC.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.04024-321","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.04024","name":"Review Article","title":"Production, characterization and bio functionalities of bioactive peptides from non-bovine species of milk: A review","author":"K. R. Vadher, K. M. Gawai, B. P. Singh, P. Sarkar, S. Hati*","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
The exploration of bioactive peptides derived from non-bovine milk has garnered considerable interest due to their potential health-promoting properties and functional applications. This review provides an overview of production, characterization, and biofunctionalities of bioactive peptides obtained from various non-bovine milk sources, including but not limited to goat, sheep, buffalo, and camel milk. The production methods involve enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation of milk proteins using proteolytic enzymes as trypsin, pepsin, and chymosin, among others or by using different cultures. Subsequently, various separation and purification techniques are employed to isolate the bioactive peptides, including ultrafiltration, chromatography and membrane separation. The structures of the bioactive peptides are identified and clarified through the use of characterization techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. These peptides exhibit diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory and opioid-like properties, among others. Furthermore, the bioactive peptides derived from non-bovine milk have demonstrated potential health benefits, such as reducing blood pressure, enhancing immune function, promoting gut health and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, they find applications in functional foods, nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical formulations aimed at improving human health and wellbeing.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Bioactive peptides, Biofunctionalities, Fermentation, Lactic acid bacteria, Non-bovine milk ","snippet":"040-24-Rev.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.06624-325","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.06624","name":"Research Article","title":"Epidemiological studies and antifungal sensitivity pattern of clinical isolates of dermatophytes from localized cases of canine dermatophytosis","author":"Manju K. Mathew*, N. Madhavan Unny, A. George, S. Ajithkumar, V. Ramnath, Suja Rani S.","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Dermatophytosis is one of the most common skin diseases in dogs caused by keratinophilic fungi of the family Arthrodermataceae. Dermatophytes of veterinary importance belong to genus Microsporum<\/em>, Trichophyton<\/em> and Epidermophyton<\/em>. Lesser treatment options and frequent use of non-prescription antifungal drugs resulted in development of resistance to the commonly used drugs. The research was conducted to study the epidemiology of cases of localized canine dermatophytosis and to assess the antifungal sensitivity pattern of the isolated organisms. Animals tentatively diagnosed with dermatophytosis based on the presence of endothrix or ectothrix on trichogram were selected for the study. Occurrence rate of dermatophytosis was 17.66% during the study period. The dermatophytes isolated in the current study were Microsporum canis<\/em>, Trichophyton mentagrophytes <\/em>and Microsporum gypseum.<\/em> The sensitivity pattern of the dermatophytes varied depending on the species isolated. Majority of the M. canis<\/em> isolates were mainly sensitive to nystatin, M. gypseum<\/em> to amphotericin B and T. mentagrophytes<\/em> to itraconazole, whereas resistance was shown by all three isolates against fluconazole. Statistically significant difference was noticed in the culture results obtained on two different fungal specific medias viz<\/em>, dermatophyte test medium and sabouraud dextrose agar.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Canine, Dermatophytosis, Microsporum, Trichophyton","snippet":"066-24-Res.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.07824-329","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.07824","name":"Short Communication","title":"Delivery of monocephalic thoraco-omphalopagus monster through fetotomy in Murrah buffalo","author":"A. K. Singh*, M. Kumar, V. Sachan, J. K. Agrawal, A. Saxena","description":"
Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
A pluriparous full-term pregnant Murrah buffalo was intermittently straining for last twelve hours but failed to deliver the foetus. Per-vaginal examination revealed six limbs along with one attachment at the level of cranial to pelvic indicating the monstrosity of the foetus. By fetotomy, monocephalic thoraco-omphalopagus tetra brachius tetrapus dicaudatus monster was delivered successfully.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Buffalo, Dystocia, Fetotomy, Monocephalic, Monster","snippet":"078-24-SC.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.05224-331","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.05224","name":"Research Article","title":"Arterial blood gas analysis in cardiac emergencies of dogs","author":"H. J. Desouza, H. Vijayakumar*, M. Ranjithkumar, S. Kavitha","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
This attempt was made to study the prevalence of cardiac emergencies in canines and to analyze the changes in arterial blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites occurring as a result of these cardiac emergency conditions. Dogs presented to emergency and critical care unit were subjected for triage to identify the life-threatening cardiac emergency conditions. Diagnostic approaches included anamnesis, physical examination, ECG, and echocardiography followed by radiography and arterial blood gas, electrolyte and biochemistry analysis. Canine cardiac emergencies were 16 percent of the total emergency cases presented. Among them Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) was common (46%), followed by arrhythmias (38%) and congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction (8% each). Respiratory alkalosis (75%) was the most common acid-base imbalance noted, followed by metabolic acidosis at (17%) and lastly mixed acidosis-alkalosis at (8%). Significant decrease in pCO2, bicarbonate and base excess were recorded. The observed electrolyte abnormalities were hypocalcemia (92%), hyponatremia (85%), hypokalemia (54%) and hypochloremia (46%). Metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycemia, hyperlactatemia and azotemia (elevated BUN and creatinine) were also present in these cases.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Arterial blood gas, Cardiac diseases, Critical care, DCM, pCO2","snippet":"052-24-Res.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.09824-332","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.09824","name":"Short Communication","title":"Therapeutic management of hepatozoonosis in a domestic dog in Nagaland, India- A case report","author":"K. Kuotsu, N. Kuotsu, S. Ozukum, T. Chutia, Laltlankimi, N. Bhumapati Devi, Lalsangpuii, R. Begam, G. Y. Jusu, G. Das*","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
An adult 3-year-old male non-descriptive dog, weighing 35<\/strong>.8 kg was presented at the Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jalukie, Nagaland, with a history of weight loss and decreased appetite<\/strong>. The detailed clinical examination revealed tick infestation, elevated body temperature, swollen mandibular and popliteal nodes, ocular discharge and excessive salivation with a slightly pale mucous membrane<\/strong>. The dog was having the history of regular vaccination and deworming<\/strong>. Haematological findings indicated a slight reduction in the count of red blood cells with lymphocytosis<\/strong>. Microscopically, a blood smear examination revealed the presence of Hepatozoon<\/em> gamonts in neutrophils<\/strong>. The dog was treated with a combination of imidocarb dipropionate and oral doxycycline, along with other supportive supplements and fluid therapy<\/strong>. From this study, it can be concluded that combination therapy including imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline along with supportive treatment like fluids, haematinic and liver tonics may be considered effective in relieving the clinical symptoms and clearing the blood of H<\/em><\/strong>. canis <\/em>gametocytes<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Doxycycline, Gamonts, Hepatozoon, Imidocarb dipropionate","snippet":"098-24-SC.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.04224-341","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.04224","name":"Research Article","title":"Immunomodulatory activity of Withania somnifera against Newcastle disease in Aseel chicken","author":"P. Vikramachakravarthi*, A. Arivuchelvan, A. Jagadeeswaran","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
The regular outbreak of Newcastle disease (ND), irrespective of vaccination of Aseel chickens, results in huge economic loss to the farming community. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of W<\/em>. somnifera<\/em> <\/strong>(Ashwagandha)<\/strong> root powder against ND and its effects on growth rate and oxidative status in Aseel chickens. <\/strong>One hundred chicks were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, Control (T1), ND Vaccinated (T2), and ND Vaccinated + W<\/em>. somnifera<\/em> @ 0.25 % (T3), + <\/strong>W<\/em><\/strong>. somnifera - <\/em>0.5 % <\/strong>(T4) and + <\/strong>W<\/em><\/strong>. somnifera <\/em>- 1 % <\/strong>(T5) of ten birds each with <\/strong>one replicate respectively for four months<\/strong>. <\/strong>ND pellet vaccine was administered orally on 15th and 90th day. The <\/strong>hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test on different intervals, cell mediated immunity assessment through delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity test, <\/strong>leucogram analysis and, lymphoid organ weights were measured. T<\/strong>he antioxidant activity was calculated using superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes estimation and production performance was also measured. The HI titers of <\/strong>T4 were<\/strong> 4.50±0.30, 3.50±0.30 and 5.17±0.42 on 45th, 90th and 112th day, respectively, which was<\/strong> significantly (P>0.05) higher <\/strong>on day 112 and higher mean skin thickness (<\/strong>P>0.05) <\/strong>and lymphoid organ weight also recorded. The additive effects like superior antioxidant activity and better production performance were also found in <\/strong>T4<\/strong> group. Hence, it was concluded that W<\/em>. somnifera <\/em>@ 0.50% could improve the disease resistance power of Aseel chicken against ND and the supplementation yields profit through better feed conversion ratio.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Aseel Chicken, Immunity, Newcastle disease, Production performance, W. somnifera","snippet":"042-24-Res.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.09024-346","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.09024","name":"Review Article","title":"Ethnoveterinary approach in Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD): A review","author":"S. Palai, S. S. Kesh*, S. Biswas","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
Research on treatments and cures for Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) has significantly grown in India, where the condition is growing increasingly. The main focus of drug repurposing research is on conventional treatments. The disease is characterised by the skin’s eruption of nodules covering the entire body of the affected animal. The lesions are seen in the upper respiratory tract and mouth. Anorexia, pneumonia, pyrexia and dysgalactia are among the systemic effects. The disease causes loss to the farmer due to declined milk production, abortions, infertility, permanent damage to the hides, and occasional death. <\/strong>However, most of the antiviral drugs are synthetic small molecules, and antiviral plant-derived medicines are yet to be discovered for LSD. T<\/strong>he treatment of LSD with ethnoveterinary medicinal formulations has been suggested by the <\/strong>National Dairy Development Board (NDDB)<\/strong>. It included plants <\/strong>with various bioactive compounds having antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, and antiviral properties. These <\/strong>ethnoveterinary medicinal formulations <\/strong>are proven superior when used singly or in combination with existing drugs to enhance the effectiveness of antivirals and increase their bioavailability. T<\/strong>he use of medicinal plants and their phytochemicals would relieve the suffering in animals. It can also be the right path for the creation of new affordable drugs through scientific studies.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Cattle, LSD, Medicinal plants, Phytochemicals","snippet":"090-24-Rev.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2024.11424-347","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2024.11424","name":"Research Article","title":"Assessing the producer\u2019s share in the consumer rupee: An analytical study of Rajbanshi dairy farmers","author":"B. Barman*, A. Mohammad, S. A. Munshi, U. Kisku, C. E. Girish","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
This study examines the producer’s share in the consumer rupee (PSCR) among Rajbanshi dairy farmers in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal, focusing on the influence of socio-economic variables<\/strong>. Data were collected from 200 dairy farmers to determine the relationship between PSCR and factors such as age, educational status, milk production, extension contact and mass media exposure<\/strong>. The results indicate that the average selling price of milk by producers is ? 37<\/strong>.45, while the consumer price is ? 40<\/strong>.88, leading to a PSCR of 91<\/strong>.61%<\/strong>. Correlation analysis reveals significant associations between PSCR and key variables<\/strong>. Negative correlations were observed with market type, milk production and crossbreed ownership, while positive correlations were found with age and mass media exposure<\/strong>. The study suggests that socio-economic conditions and farm characteristics significantly influence PSCR, with more experienced farmers and those with better media access tending to secure a higher share<\/strong>. Additionally, the type of market and milk production levels play a crucial role in determining the share received by producers<\/strong>. The findings underscore the importance of improving market linkages, enhancing farmers' awareness and strengthening extension services to boost the earnings of smallholder dairy farmers<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Dairy Farming, Marketing, Price, Producer\u2019s share in consumer rupee (PSCR), Rajbanshi","snippet":"114-24-Res.pdf","price_status":"F"},{"id":"10.36062-ijah.2025.01424-348","doi":"10.36062\/ijah.2025.01424","name":"Review Article","title":"Importance of major genes to compensate for the harmful summer climatic effects in fowl","author":"B. Patra*, S. Choudhary, H. Purohit, P. Gaur, A. Manzoor, D. K. Yadav, R. Walia","description":"
Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n
When environmental temperature is more than 27°C, the fowl upsurges panting and decreases metabolic rate to ease body’s heat increment. There are many measures that can be applied to improve the opposing effects of tropical climatic stress. There are many options like nutritional adjustment, day-to-day poultry management, or feed additives, and probiotics are regularly used to alleviate the lethal effects of climatic stress in poultry. There are several major genes, viz. naked neck (Na), frizzle (F), slow feathering (K), and dwarf (dw), that could be implemented as a considerable elucidation to progress productive and reproductive outcomes for fowls grown in tropical climatic conditions. The birds carrying naked necks (Na) and frizzle (F) genes increase fame due to their decorative appearance and enhanced productive and reproductive activity in hot weather. The dwarf (dw) breeders dam line has better survivability, adaptability, disease resistance and hatchability in summer climates compared to normal fowls. The sex-linked slow feathering introgression in fowl is used for wing sexing in some layer breeds. The practical application of major genes as a breeding strategy has been discussed for countries that have tropical climates or challenging hot summers.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n","keyword":"Dwarf gene, Frizzle gene, Major genes, Naked neck gene, Slow feathering gene","snippet":"014-24-Rev.pdf","price_status":"F"}],"total_rows":32}